less than的用法有哪些

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　　less than是不足; 以內(nèi); 小于，決不; 沒有]less than的用法有哪些呢?本文是七考網(wǎng)小編整理less than的用法的資料，僅供參考。

　　less than的用法

　　less than 后面接形容詞、副詞時(shí),意為不;很少;不到,具有否定意義.例如：

　　a) We were busy and less than delighted to have company that day.

　　那天我們很忙,不高興有客人來.

　　b) The young man is less than twenty years old.

　　這個(gè)年輕人不到 20 歲.

　　less than 意為不像;不是.例如：

　　Joseph is less honest than his brother.

　　約瑟夫不像他兄弟那樣誠(chéng)實(shí).

　　less than, more than用法

　　More than

　　1. More than +名詞 表示“多于……”、“非但……尤其是”如：

　　Modern science is more than a large amount of information.

　　Jason is more than a lecturer; he is a writer, too.

　　2. More than +數(shù)詞 含“以上”或“不止”之意，如：

　　I have known David for more than 20 years.

　　Let„s carry out the test with more than the sample copy.

　　3. More than +形容詞 表示“很”或“非常”的意思，如：

　　In doing scientific experiments, one must be more than careful with the instruments. I assure you I am more than glad to help you.

　　4. 肯定“more”后面的而否定“than”后面的，表示是“與其說……不如……”，如：

　　The difference between pure linguistics and applied linguistics is more apparent than real.

　　This book seems to be more a manual than a text.

　　5. More than或More...than...+含“can”的分句時(shí)表示“否定意”，如：

　　That's more than I can do.

　　Don't bite off more than you can chew.

　　6. 另外，“more than”也在慣用語中，如： More offen than not (經(jīng)常)，people tend

　　to pay attention to what they can take rather than what they can give.

　　1. no more than同樣不;僅僅，只有

　　It's no more than a misunderstanding. 這只是個(gè)誤會(huì)

　　2. not more than不比„„更，不如;至多

　　I'll stay here not more than three days. 我將待在這里最多不超過三天。

　　3. no/not any more„„than兩者一樣都不„„，和„„一樣不„„

　　A whale is not a fish any more than a horse is.

　　鯨之非魚，無異于馬之非魚。

　　4. not more ... than = 不如

　　You are not more careful than he is. 你不如他仔細(xì)。

　　5. no more ... than = 和......一樣不(否定兩者)

　　You are no more careful than he is. 你和他一樣不仔細(xì)。

　　Less than

　　1. no less than不亞于，竟達(dá)„„之多

　　The audience was no less than five thousand. 聽眾有五千人之多。

　　That hotel probably costs no less than 20 dollars a night. 那間旅館的住宿費(fèi)大約要20元一晚呢。

　　2. no less .. than不少于,不亞于

　　He is no less a person than a minister他的身分不亞于部長(zhǎng)。

　　3. not less than不比„„差，至少

　　I'll stay here not less than three days. 我將待在這里至少三天。

　　4. 4.not less...than至少和„一樣

　　She is not less beautiful than Mary她至少和瑪麗一樣美麗。

　　5. no/not any less

　　Are we all not any less than 50th cousins?

　　more than less than用法

　　一、More than的用法與翻譯

　　1.more than

　　“more than”之后可接名詞、動(dòng)名詞、動(dòng)詞、數(shù)詞、形容詞、副詞等，有“不止、超過、勝過、多于、以上、很”等意思。如：

　　He is more than a friend to me.他對(duì)我不止是一個(gè)朋友。

　　We like football more than swimming.我們喜愛足球勝過游泳。

　　I more than saw it, I felt too!我不僅僅看見了它，我都感覺到它了。

　　The gain more than compensated for the loss.所得多于所失。

　　They have known each other for more than 10 years。他們相識(shí)已有10多年了。

　　I was more than pleased with my pay rise.I was over the moon.我對(duì)漲工資非常高興。我簡(jiǎn)直樂上了天!

　　She dresses more than simply.她衣著何止簡(jiǎn)樸而已。

　　“more than”的用法不難掌握，但如果將“more than”分開變?yōu)?ldquo;more...than...”，或是在其前面加上“not”或“no”，用法及意思就較為復(fù)雜，要準(zhǔn)確地翻譯出來也比較難。與之相對(duì)的詞組是“less than”，其相應(yīng)的形式也很復(fù)雜，只有真正掌握其結(jié)構(gòu)及意思，才能準(zhǔn)確地翻譯出其真正的含義。

　　2.more...than...

　　當(dāng)比較同一事物的兩種特性或同一個(gè)人的兩種不同性質(zhì)時(shí)，其比較結(jié)構(gòu)有三種：名詞(或代詞)+動(dòng)詞be (或seem, look, appear)+more+形容詞(無論是單音節(jié)詞還是多音節(jié)詞)+than+形容詞：名詞(或代詞)+動(dòng)詞be+more of a+名詞+than+名詞;名詞(或代詞)+動(dòng)詞be+more+名詞+than十名詞。而且，這里的“more”的意思等于“rather”?？煞g為“與其說……不如說……”，但應(yīng)該先翻譯“than”后面的，再翻譯“more”后面的，是按逆序翻譯。不過，也可按正常語序譯為“是……而不是……”。如：

　　She is more lazy than ill.與其說她病了，不如說她懶。

　　He is more wise than clever.他與其說是精明不如說是賢明。

　　John is more dating than quick-witted.與其說約翰腦子靈活，不如說他膽大。

　　His coat was more dark than grey.與其說他上衣是灰的，還不如說是黑的。

　　I am more timid than cautious.與其說我謹(jǐn)慎，不如說我膽小。

　　He is more of a statesman than a scholar.與其說他是個(gè)學(xué)者，還不如說他是個(gè)政治家。 He is more a statesman than a scholar.他與其說是個(gè)學(xué)者，還不如說他是個(gè)政治家。 It is more a poem than a picture.與其說它是幅畫，不如說它是首詩。

　　She is more graceful than beautiful.說她是美，毋寧說她有優(yōu)雅的氣質(zhì)。

　　That little girl is more shy than timid.那個(gè)小姑娘是害羞而不是膽怯。

　　He was more lucky than clever.他是運(yùn)氣好，而不是聰明。

　　He is more good than bad.他不是壞，而是好。

　　3.not more than

　　“not more than”等于“at most”，意思是“不超過、至多”。如：

　　I have not more than five Yuan in my pocket.我口袋里至多五塊錢。/我口袋里的錢不超過五塊。

　　There were not more than 5 factories in our city before liberation.解放前，我們市的工廠不超過5家。

　　There are not more than thirty students in each class.每個(gè)班的學(xué)生人數(shù)都不超過三十人。

　　4.not more...than...

　　“no tmore...than...”的意思是“不比……更，不如”。如：

　　He is not more clever than his brother.他沒有他哥哥那樣聰明。

　　This book is not more interesting than that one.這本書不比那本更有趣。/這本書沒有那本有趣。

　　5.no more than

　　“no more than”的意思是“僅僅，只有”，等于“nothing more than/only”。如：

　　Tom has no more than two friends in Guangzhou.湯姆在廣州只有兩個(gè)朋友。

　　I have no more than five dollars in my pocket.我的口袋里只有五塊錢。

　　I have taken no more than five courses this semester，我這個(gè)學(xué)期只選了五門課。

　　It took him no more than one hour to finish this work.他只花了一個(gè)小時(shí)就完成這項(xiàng)工作。

　　6.no more...than...

　　“no more...than...”等于“neither...nor...”.意思為“與……同樣不是，正如……一樣也不，與……一樣不”。翻譯時(shí)，如果句子是與主語相互比較，則可譯成兩個(gè)分句，先譯“than”后面的，再譯“no more”后面的，亦可按順序翻譯。但如果句子是比較非主語部分，則必須先譯“than”后面的，再譯“no more”后面的。如：

　　I can no more play football than you.你不會(huì)踢足球，我也不會(huì)。/我和你一樣不會(huì)踢足球。

　　This book is no more interesting than that one.

　　那本書無趣，這本書也無趣。/這本書與那本一樣無趣。

　　A whale is no more a fish than a horse is.

　　鯨不是魚，如同馬不是魚一樣。/鯨和馬一樣都不是魚。/馬不是魚，鯨同樣也不是魚。

　　He is no more a graduate student than she.

　　他和她一樣都不是研究生。/她不是研究生，他也不是。

　　He is no more a writer than a painter.

　　他既不是個(gè)作家，也不是個(gè)畫家。/他既不是畫家，也不是作家。

　　雖然上句改譯后的意思沒有多大的改變，但改譯后的形式更貼近原文的表達(dá)，更抓住了原文的輕重主次。

　　二、less than的用法與翻譯

　　1.less than

　　“less than”后面可接形容詞、數(shù)詞等，意為“不到，小于，少于”，具有否定意義。如： He seemed less than overjoyed.他似乎并不太高興。

　　Jack is less than twenty years old.杰克還不到二十歲。

　　The lightest weighs less than 50 kilograms.最輕的不到50千克。

　　2.less...than...

　　“less...than...”結(jié)構(gòu)的意思與“more...than...”的結(jié)構(gòu)剛好相反。亦可使用“與其說……不如說……”的句型翻譯，但不必先譯后面再譯前面，而是按順序翻譯。如：

　　John is less daring than quick-witted.與其說約翰膽大，不如說他腦子靈活。

　　George was less intelligent than aggressive.與其說喬治聰穎過人，不如說他言行放肆。 This is much less apolitical problem than an economic problem.

　　與其說這是個(gè)政治問題，還不如說是經(jīng)濟(jì)問題。

　　Linda was less hurt than frightened.與其說琳達(dá)受到傷害，還不如說她受驚嚇。

　　Experience shows that success is due less to ability than to hard work.

　　經(jīng)驗(yàn)告訴我們，成功與其說是由于才能，不如說是由于努力工作。

　　3.not less than

　　“Not less than”等同于“at least”，意思是“不比……差，至少，不少于”。如：

　　There were not less than students in the class.教室里至少有五十名同學(xué)。

　　Mr.Smith has not less than twenty thousand books.史密斯先生至少有20,000本書。

　　4.not less...than...

　　“not less...than.”與前面的“not less than”的意思基本一致，或“比……有過之而無不及”。如：

　　Farmers are not less important than factory workers.農(nóng)民可能比工廠工人更為重要。

　　5.no less than

　　“no less than”等同于“as much(many)as”，意思是“正如，一樣多，不亞于，有……之多”。如：

　　There were no less than fifty students in the class.教室里有五十名同學(xué)之多。

　　Mr.Smith has no less than twenty thousand books.史密斯先生恰好有20,000本書。

　　6.no less...than...

　　詞組“no less...than...”含義上相當(dāng)于“as well as”。它所強(qiáng)調(diào)的對(duì)象是“no less”之后的事物，而不是“than”之后的事物。漢語關(guān)聯(lián)詞“不但……而且……”的重點(diǎn)在后面，這與“no

　　less...than...”的重點(diǎn)剛好相反，所以在翻譯的時(shí)候，應(yīng)該先譯“than”后面的，再譯“no less”后面的。如：

　　Andy Lau is no less a player than a singer./Andy Lau is a player as well as a singer./Andy Lau is not only a singer. but also a player.

　　劉德華不但是個(gè)歌手，而且也是個(gè)演員。